Josef Budenz () (13 June 1836 – 15 April 1892) was a German comparative linguist specializing in Finno-Ugric who researched the origins of the Hungarian language.
Early life and education
Josef Budenz graduated from high school in
Fulda in 1854
and studied in
Marburg and from 1855 for three years in Göttingen, among others with
Theodor Benfey with a focus on
Indo-European comparative linguistics. He received his doctorate in 1858.
Career
In 1858 he was in Budapest and taught in Székesfehérvár. In 1861 he was appointed librarian of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. He deepened his knowledge of
Uralic languages and
Altaic languages languages under the guidance of . From 1868 he was a full professor of Altaic comparative linguistics, the chair having been established especially for him. In 1871 he became a full member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. On 17 March 1884, he was honored in the university auditorium. From 1876 he was a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg.
Origins of Hungarian
Today, the consensus among linguists is that Hungarian is a member of the
Uralic languages of languages.
The classification of Hungarian as a Uralic/Finno-Ugric rather than a Turkic languages language was a matter of impassioned political controversy throughout the 18th and into the 19th centuries. During the latter half of the 19th century, a competing hypothesis proposed a Turkic affinity of Hungarian, or, alternatively, that both the Uralic and the Turkic families formed part of a superfamily of Ural–Altaic languages.
The debate came to a head in the 1880s between the two camps,
Death
Budenz died in Budapest on 15 April 1892, and was buried on 17 April 1892.
Memorials and retrospectives
On 27 May 1963, a memorial plaque was dedicated in his honor at the house where he was born, currently in use as the town hall of the village where he formerly attended school in Rasdorf.
The commemorative plaque bears the inscription: "Here stood until 1954 the house in which on 13 June 1836 Joseph Budenz was born. He was a professor at the University of Budapest from 1868 until his death on 15 April 1892, and is the founder of modern Finno-Ugric comparative linguistics. Donated by the Societas Uralo-Altaica on May 23, 1963."
The Fuldaer Geschichtsblätter also published an article about him in 1936 on the centenary of his birth.[ as cited in ]
The Budenz Gymnasium in Budapest published a Budenz memorial book in Hungarian in 2002. A "Budenz Day" is held every year at the Finno-Ugrian Seminar of the University of Göttingen.
Works
-
Übersicht der Verzweigung der ugrischen Sprachen, 1878
-
(Reproduction of the original published in Budapest 1873-1881, with an introduction by Gyula Décsy)
See also
- Notes
- Citations
Further reading
External links
